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- PoetryThe HildebrandsliedHildebrandsliedAnonymous · 830A heroic fragment in Old High German, copied around 830: a father and a son face to face, and only one of the two knows who the other is.LiteraturePublic domain
- PoetryMuspilliAnonymous · 870A vision of the end of time in Old High German, written down around 870 on the pages left blank in a royal book.LiteraturePublic domain
- TheatreThe Plays of Hrotswitha of GandersheimDramataHrotsvitha of Gandersheim · 965Six Latin dramas written around 965 in a Saxon abbey, the first in Europe since Antiquity: a canoness takes up the form of Terence to praise Christian chastity.LiteraturePublic domain
- EpicParzivalWolfram von Eschenbach · 1210A courtly epic in Middle High German, composed between 1200 and 1210: in it the quest for the Grail passes through guilt and long trial rather than through prowess alone.LiteraturePublic domain
- NovelAdriatische RosemundPhilipp von Zesen · 1645not translated into EnglishA love story set in seventeenth-century Amsterdam, where a difference of religion stands in the way of two young people's marriage.LiteraturePublic domain
- PoetryThe Cherubinic WandererCherubinischer WandersmannAngelus Silesius · 1657A collection of mystical epigrams from seventeenth-century Silesia, in which theology is expressed in two lines and sometimes comes close to what readers have taken for pantheism.LiteraturePublic domain
- TheatreAbsurda Comica oder Herr Peter SquenzAndreas Gryphius · 1658not translated into EnglishA farce in three acts from the seventeenth century: village craftsmen perform an ancient love tragedy before the court, on a model taken from Shakespeare.LiteraturePublic domain
- NovelThe Adventures of Simplicius SimplicissimusDer abenteuerliche SimplicissimusHans Jakob Christoffel von Grimmelshausen · 1668A picaresque novel of the seventeenth century that follows a child through the Thirty Years' War, written by a man who had fought in that war.LiteraturePublic domain
- NovelGroßmütiger Feldherr ArminiusDaniel Casper von Lohenstein · 1689not translated into EnglishA novel from the end of the seventeenth century that makes the victor of Teutoburg an exemplary prince, and ancient Germania the setting of a political and learned summa.Literature
- PoetryThe MessiahDer MessiasFriedrich Gottlieb Klopstock · 1748A Christian epic begun by a twenty-four-year-old poet, in which the ancient hexameter enters German poetry for the first time.LiteraturePublic domain
- NovelThe Sorrows of Young WertherDie Leiden des jungen WerthersJohann Wolfgang von Goethe · 1774An eighteenth-century epistolary novel in which a young man tells a friend, month after month, of a love that has nowhere to go.Literature
- TheatreNathan the WiseNathan der WeiseGotthold Ephraim Lessing · 1779A verse play of the German Enlightenment, in which a Jewish merchant, a sultan and a Templar meet in a Jerusalem of the Crusades.Literature
- PoetryOberonChristoph Martin Wieland · 1780An epic poem in the manner of chivalric romances, in which a knight sets out for the East with the help of the king of the elves.LiteraturePublic domain
- TheatreThe RobbersDie RäuberFriedrich von Schiller · 1781A Sturm und Drang play, the first work of a twenty-one-year-old author, in which a count's disinherited elder son takes to the outlaw life against the established order.Literature
- NovelHyperionFriedrich Hölderlin · 1797An epistolary novel of the late eighteenth century, in which a young Greek writes of his education, his friendships, his love and his commitment to an insurrection.LiteraturePublic domain
- TaleThe Fair-Haired EckbertDer blonde EckbertLudwig Tieck · 1797A tale of early German Romanticism, in which a man withdrawn deep in a forest listens to his wife tell of her childhood, one evening, in front of their only friend.LiteraturePublic domain
- NovelHenry von OfterdingenHeinrich von OfterdingenNovalis · 1802A novel of apprenticeship from early German Romanticism, left unfinished, in which a boy sets out on the roads of the Middle Ages after dreaming of a flower.LiteraturePublic domain
- PoetryDes Knaben WunderhornClemens Brentano and Achim von Arnim · 1806not translated into EnglishThree volumes of German folk songs gathered at the beginning of the nineteenth century by two poets who remade them as much as they collected them.LiteraturePublic domain
- Short storiesThe Marquise of O—Die Marquise von O…Heinrich von Kleist · 1808A novella from the early nineteenth century that sets out its scandal in the very first sentence: an irreproachable widow announces through the newspapers that she is expecting a child and is looking for its father.LiteraturePublic domain
- EssayA Course of Lectures on Dramatic Art and LiteratureVorlesungen über dramatische Kunst und LiteraturAugust Wilhelm Schlegel · 1809The lectures of a critic of early Romanticism, delivered before a Viennese audience, which set the art of the Ancients against that of the moderns and turn against the French stage the authority it invokes.Literature
- TaleGrimm's Fairy TalesKinder- und HausmärchenJacob Grimm and Wilhelm Grimm · 1812Two hundred tales gathered at the beginning of the nineteenth century by two philologists who wanted to give their language a body of stories comparable to that of other languages.LiteraturePublic domain
- Short storiesIsabella of EgyptIsabella von ÄgyptenAchim von Arnim · 1812A fantastic tale of German Romanticism, in which a Gypsy orphan from Ghent, a mandrake and a dead soldier cross paths with the youth of the future Charles V.Literature
- TalePeter SchlemihlPeter Schlemihls wundersame GeschichteAdelbert von Chamisso · 1814The tale of an absurd bargain, written in the midst of war by a Frenchman who became a German writer, in which a man gives up his shadow in exchange for a bottomless purse.LiteraturePublic domain
- TaleThe Nutcracker and the Mouse KingNußknacker und MausekönigE.T.A. Hoffmann · 1816A Christmas tale of German Romanticism, in which the toys of a bourgeois drawing room do battle with mice while the house sleeps.LiteraturePublic domain
- NarrativeMemoirs of a Good-for-NothingAus dem Leben eines TaugenichtsJoseph von Eichendorff · 1826The tale of an aimless departure, in which a miller's son leaves the mill with his violin and asks nothing of the road but what it brings.Literature
- TheatreHerzog Theodor von GothlandChristian Dietrich Grabbe · 1827not translated into EnglishA tragedy in five acts begun at school, in which an African chief, to avenge his own servitude, drives a Swedish duke to kill his brother.LiteraturePublic domain
- EssayBriefe aus ParisLudwig Börne · 1832not translated into EnglishParis in the 1830s, described by a German journalist living there for readers who had stayed at home.LiteraturePublic domain
- Short storiesThe Jew's BeechDie JudenbucheAnnette von Droste-Hülshoff · 1842The story of a murder never cleared up in a Westphalian village in the eighteenth century, drawn from a real news item and told in detached scenes.LiteraturePublic domain
- PoetryDoktor Faust: A Dance PoemDer Doktor Faust. Ein TanzpoemHeinrich Heine · 1851A ballet libretto written in Paris for a London theatre, in which the legend of Faust passes entirely through dance and the devil is a woman.LiteraturePublic domain
- NovelDebit and CreditSoll und HabenGustav Freytag · 1855The novel of the counting-house and honest trade, in mid-nineteenth-century Silesia, which sets a young clerk against an indebted nobility and speculators.LiteraturePublic domain
- TheatreWoyzeckGeorg Büchner · 1875A drama in short scenes from the early nineteenth century, left as unordered leaves, in which a poor soldier is reduced to the beast by those who command him and by the man who studies him.LiteraturePublic domain
- Short storiesThe Rider on the White HorseDer SchimmelreiterTheodor Storm · 1888The story of a dike master who wants to rebuild the coastal defences against the advice of the peasants, on a North Sea coast where legend counts as much as calculation.LiteraturePublic domain
- Short storiesLineman ThielBahnwärter ThielGerhart Hauptmann · 1888A short story of German naturalism, in which a gentle man keeps his post beside a railway line that crosses the forest, between a dead woman he venerates and a living one who dominates him.LiteraturePublic domain
- NovelEffi BriestTheodor Fontane · 1894A novel from the end of the nineteenth century, in which a young woman married at seventeen discovers a small Baltic town, a husband older than herself and a bottomless boredom.LiteraturePublic domain
- Short storiesSchwüle TageEduard von Keyserling · 1904not translated into EnglishA summer of heavy heat on an estate of the Baltic nobility, where an adolescent who has failed his school-leaving exam discovers desire and his father's silences.LiteraturePublic domain
- NovelSmall Town TyrantProfessor UnratHeinrich Mann · 1905The satire of a small German town of the Empire, where a teacher hated by his pupils and hating his town falls under the spell of a cabaret dancer.LiteraturePublic domain
- PoetryDer ewige TagGeorg Heym · 1911not translated into EnglishThe great city, history and death, expressed in images of dread by a twenty-three-year-old Berlin poet.LiteraturePublic domain
- TheatreFranziskaFrank Wedekind · 1912A modern mystery play in five acts, written in the Germany of Wilhelm II, which entrusts the Faustian pact to a woman and borrows from Goethe's work along the way.LiteraturePublic domain
- PoetryMorgue und andere GedichteGottfried Benn · 1912not translated into EnglishNine poems from before 1914, written by a young doctor, which bring the morgue and the operating theatre into German verse.Literature
- PoetryHebrew BalladsHebräische BalladenElse Lasker-Schüler · 1913Patriarchs, queens and lovers of the Old Testament, retold in short poems by a Jewish poet of Berlin before 1914.LiteraturePublic domain
- NovelDemianHermann Hesse · 1919A coming-of-age novel of the immediate post-war years, in which a boy torn between two worlds meets a schoolmate who believes in neither.Literature
- CinemaPassionMadame DubarryErnst Lubitsch · 1919Paris and Versailles under Louis XV, seen from the viewpoint of a milliner turned favourite: a costume epic shot in Berlin in the aftermath of the war.Cinema
- CinemaThe Cabinet of Dr. CaligariDas Cabinet des Dr. CaligariRobert Wiene · 1920A small fairground town of crooked houses, painted on canvas, where a showman and his sleepwalker sow murder.Cinema
- CinemaThe Golem: How He Came into the WorldDer Golem, wie er in die Welt kamPaul Wegener · 1920A rabbi of Prague animates a clay creature to save his people, in a ghetto built entirely for the film.Cinema
- CinemaNosferatuNosferatu, eine Symphonie des GrauensF. W. Murnau · 1922A German port in 1838, where rats and plague come ashore along with a count from the Carpathians.Cinema
- NovelThe Magic MountainDer ZauberbergThomas Mann · 1924A sanatorium in the Swiss Alps before 1914, where everything is discussed because there is time, and where time itself ends up coming undone.LiteraturePublic domain
- NovelThe Pious DanceDer fromme TanzKlaus Mann · 1926The novel of a German youth of the twenties, between the bars of Berlin and those of Hamburg, written by a nineteen-year-old who states plainly a desire that the literature of his country passed over in silence.LiteraturePublic domain
- CinemaMetropolisFritz Lang · 1927A future city split in two, the towers of the masters and the underground city of the workers, in the most expensive film in German cinema of its time.Cinema
- TheatreThe Threepenny OperaDie DreigroschenoperBertolt Brecht · 1928A sung play of 1928, in which the beggars of London are organised into a commercial company and the most wanted man in the city dines with the chief of police.Literature
- NovelBerlin AlexanderplatzAlfred Döblin · 1929Berlin at the end of the twenties, around a working-class square, where a man released from prison tries to stand upright in a city that speaks louder than he does.Literature
- Short storiesDas Lächeln der Mona LisaKurt Tucholsky · 1929not translated into EnglishA collection of short texts from the late twenties, in which a Berlin journalist gathers under four signatures what he wrote against the justice system, the army and the self-satisfied conscience of his country.LiteraturePublic domain
- CinemaDiary of a Lost GirlDas Tagebuch einer VerlorenenG. W. Pabst · 1929A pharmacist's daughter, rejected by her family after a pregnancy, goes from the reformatory to the brothel.Cinema
- NovelThe OutlawsDie GeächtetenErnst von Salomon · 1930The story of a German youth spent in the Freikorps and the nationalist plots of the twenties, written by someone who was part of it.Literature
- CinemaThe Blue AngelDer blaue EngelJosef von Sternberg · 1930A secondary-school teacher in a port town in northern Germany falls in love with a cabaret singer, in the early days of sound cinema.Cinema
- NovelGilgiGilgi — eine von unsIrmgard Keun · 1931The novel of a young shorthand typist in Cologne at the turn of the thirties, who counts her hours and her savings and means to decide her life on her own.Literature
- CinemaLiebeleiMax Ophüls · 1933Vienna before 1914: the love of a young officer and a musician's daughter, under the threat of a code of honour.Cinema
- NovelWolf Among WolvesWolf unter WölfenHans Fallada · 1937The novel of the year 1923, when the German currency collapses: a ruined gambler in Berlin, then a country estate where the old order is wavering.LiteraturePublic domain
- NovelOn the Marble CliffsAuf den MarmorklippenErnst Jünger · 1939A narrative published in 1939, in which two botanist brothers watch a power coming from the forests take hold of a land of vineyards and libraries.Literature
- CinemaTitanicHerbert Selpin · 1943The 1912 sinking told by Nazi cinema as the work of British greed, with a German officer as its hero.Cinema
- NovelTransitAnna Seghers · 1944Marseille under the Vichy regime: refugees waiting for visas and ships, and a man who has taken another man's name.Literature
- CinemaThe Great SacrificeOpfergangVeit Harlan · 1944A man torn between his wife and a neighbour condemned by illness, in a colour melodrama shot in Hamburg.Cinema
- NarrativeThe Forest of the DeadDer TotenwaldErnst Wiechert · 1946The account of two months spent in a German concentration camp in 1938, written the following year by the man who had lived them, and who could not then publish it anywhere.LiteraturePublic domain
- CinemaUnder the BridgesUnter den BrückenHelmut Käutner · 1946Two bargemen on the Havel and the young woman they take in, in a film shot in and around Berlin in 1944.Cinema
- CinemaThe Murderers Are Among UsDie Mörder sind unter unsWolfgang Staudte · 1946Berlin in ruins, in the months following the capitulation: a surgeon back from the front finds alive the officer under whom he served.Cinema
- CinemaThe Lost OneDer VerlorenePeter Lorre · 1951After the war, two former servants of the regime, each under a false name, recognise one another among refugees.Cinema
- NovelThe HothouseDas TreibhausWolfgang Koeppen · 1953Two days in the life of an opposition member of parliament in Bonn, the provisional capital of the Federal Republic of Germany, during the debates on rearmament.Literature
- NovelSpuren im SandHans Werner Richter · 1953not translated into EnglishA childhood on the Baltic coast, among fishermen, between the Empire and Weimar, where great politics arrives only muffled.Literature
- NovelFlight to AfarSansibar oder der letzte GrundAlfred Andersch · 1957A coastal town in northern Germany under Nazism: five people, a fishing boat and a statue that must be put out of harm's way.Literature
- NovelThe Tin DrumDie BlechtrommelGünter Grass · 1959Danzig and then the Rhineland, from the beginning of the century to the fifties, told by a man who remained the size of a three-year-old child.Literature
- NarrativeThe LightshipDas FeuerschiffSiegfried Lenz · 1960A closed-door drama on a ship that is not allowed to move: a crew, three armed men and a son who judges his father.Literature
- NovelThey Divided the SkyDer geteilte HimmelChrista Wolf · 1963Halle and Berlin in the months before the building of the Wall: a young couple put to the test by politics.Literature
- TheatreThe DeputyDer StellvertreterRolf Hochhuth · 1963Berlin, Rome and Auschwitz, from 1942 to 1943: a young priest wants to make the pope speak out publicly against the deportations.Literature
- NovelNiembsch oder Der StillstandPeter Härtling · 1964not translated into EnglishAn Austrian Romantic poet seen from the inside: a man who tries to stop time by beginning his love affairs over again.Literature
- NovelTwo ViewsZwei AnsichtenUwe Johnson · 1965Two lives on either side of the border that has just been closed, in 1961, told in turn.Literature
- CinemaNot ReconciledNicht versöhntJean-Marie Straub · 1965A family of Cologne architects over three generations, from 1907 to the Federal Republic, in a narrative that interweaves different periods.Cinema
- CinemaTrace of StonesSpur der SteineFrank Beyer · 1966A large construction site in the GDR at the end of the fifties: a rebellious team leader, a party secretary and a newly arrived engineer.Cinema
- CinemaYesterday GirlAbschied von gesternAlexander Kluge · 1966A young woman who has crossed from East to West goes from one institution to another, in a narrative made of fragments and commentary.Cinema
- NovelJacob the LiarJakob der LügnerJurek Becker · 1969Under the German occupation, behind the walls of a ghetto: a man invents the news from a radio he does not have, and those who listen to him begin to hope again.Literature
- NovelThe New Sufferings of Young W.Die neuen Leiden des jungen W.Ulrich Plenzdorf · 1972An East German apprentice drops everything to live as he pleases in the capital and finds in a book two centuries old the words for what he is living.Literature
- NarrativeThe Lost Honour of Katharina BlumDie verlorene Ehre der Katharina BlumHeinrich Böll · 1974A Rhineland town during carnival: an ordinary woman handed over within a few days to the sensationalist press.Literature
- PoetryThe Sinking of the TitanicDer Untergang der TitanicHans Magnus Enzensberger · 1978A long poem that blends the shipwreck of 1912 with the memory of the revolutionary hopes of the late sixties.Literature
- CinemaThe Marriage of Maria BraunDie Ehe der Maria BraunRainer Werner Fassbinder · 1979Germany from 1943 to the years of the economic miracle, seen through a woman who grows rich while waiting for her husband.Cinema
- CinemaThe Tin DrumDie BlechtrommelVolker Schlöndorff · 1979Danzig, from the interwar years to the war, seen through a child who refused to grow up and will not let go of his drum.Cinema
- CinemaDas BootWolfgang Petersen · 1981The North Atlantic during the war, in the cramped space of a German submarine on patrol.Cinema
- CinemaChristiane F.Christiane F. — Wir Kinder vom Bahnhof ZooUli Edel · 1981A housing estate on the outskirts and the Zoo district, in West Berlin from 1975 to 1977.Cinema
- Short storiesNadirsNiederungenHerta Müller · 1982Stories of a Swabian village in the Romanian Banat, seen through a child's eyes, where harshness, alcohol and silence take the place of order.Literature
- NarrativeThe Wall JumperDer MauerspringerPeter Schneider · 1982Berlin in the early eighties, seen by someone who comes and goes: a series of stories of crossings of the Wall, in which the political motive is almost always absent.Literature
- CinemaFitzcarraldoWerner Herzog · 1982The Peruvian Amazon in the days of the rubber boom, where an opera lover wants to haul a steamboat over a mountain.Cinema
- CinemaWings of DesireDer Himmel über BerlinWim Wenders · 1987West Berlin two years before the fall of the Wall, seen by angels who hear everything but cannot act.Cinema
- NovelVertigoSchwindel. Gefühle.W. G. Sebald · 1990Travel and memory: two writers of the past and a narrator of today on the same roads, between the Alps and northern Italy.Literature
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