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  • EssayThe Analects論語Confucius · -450A collection of the sayings of Confucius and his disciples, set down in writing after his death by later generations.Literature
  • ChronicleThe Classic of Mountains and Seas山海經Anonymous · -200An inventory of the mountains, seas and beings of the known world, compiled from the Warring States to the Han.Literature
  • PoetryThoughts of a Quiet Night靜夜思Li Bai · 750A Tang quatrain in which the brightness of the moon, one night, brings the poet back to thoughts of his native land.LiteraturePublic domain
  • Poetry贈衛八處士Du Fu · 759not translated into EnglishA poem from the years of civil war under the Tang, about an evening spent at the home of a friend from youth.LiteraturePublic domain
  • NovelWater Margin水滸傳Shi Nai'an · 1370A Ming novel drawn from the cycles of storytellers, about one hundred and eight outlaws entrenched in a marsh under the Song.Literature
  • NovelRomance of the Three Kingdoms三國演義Luo Guanzhong · 1522A historical novel about the partition of the empire after the fall of the Han, first printed in 1522.Literature
  • NovelJourney to the West西遊記Wu Cheng'en · 1592A comic novel of 1592 that turns into fiction the pilgrimage of a Tang Buddhist monk to India.Literature
  • NovelThe Plum in the Golden Vase金瓶梅Lanling Xiaoxiao Sheng · 1596A novel of manners from the end of the Ming, published under a pseudonym, about the household of a merchant and his six wives.Literature
  • TaleStrange Tales from a Chinese Studio聊齋誌異Pu Songling · 1679A collection of fantastic tales in classical language, for the most part completed in 1679 and printed in 1766.Literature
  • NovelThe Scholars儒林外史Wu Jingzi · 1750Satirical novel of the eighteenth century about scholars and the imperial examinations, with no central plot and no hero.Literature
  • NovelDream of the Red Chamber紅樓夢Cao Xueqin · 1750Eighteenth-century novel about a great Beijing family and its love affairs, left unfinished by its author.Literature
  • Tale淞濱瑣話Wang Tao · 1887not translated into EnglishA collection of fantastic tales in classical language, modelled on the Liaozhai, by a scholar returned from exile to Shanghai.Literature
  • NovelOfficialdom Unmasked官場現形記Li Boyuan · 1903Satirical novel serialised in Shanghai from 1903, about the officials of the late Qing.Literature
  • NovelVignettes from the Late Ch'ing: Bizarre Happenings Eyewitnessed over Two Decades二十年目睹之怪現狀Wu Jianren · 1903A novel of the last days of the empire, serialized from 1903, about twenty years of scandals seen by a narrator.Literature
  • Novel孽海花Zeng Pu · 1905not translated into EnglishA roman à clef of the late Qing, begun by another writer and taken up by the author in 1904, about a diplomat and his concubine.Literature
  • NovelThe Travels of Lao Can老殘遊記Liu E · 1907A novel of the late Qing, serialised from 1903, about the travels of a doctor in Shandong.Literature
  • NarrativeThe Lone Swan斷鴻零雁記Su Manshu · 1912A semi-autobiographical narrative in classical language, in which a young monk struggles between his vows and his love for two women.Literature
  • Short storiesDiary of a Madman狂人日記Lu Xun · 1918A short story of 1918, the first signed by Lu Xun, which makes cannibalism the figure of the Confucian tradition.Literature
  • PoetrySelected Poems from The Goddesses女神Guo Moruo · 1921The author's first collection, published in 1921, which brought free verse into modern Chinese poetry.Literature
  • Short storiesDrowning沉淪Yu Dafu · 1921A collection of three stories from 1921 on the loneliness and desire of an exile, made famous by its frankness.Literature
  • Theatre咖啡店之一夜Tian Han · 1922not translated into EnglishA one-act play written in Tokyo in 1920 and published in 1922, about the betrayed love of a café waitress.Literature
  • Narrative寂寞Bing Xin · 1922not translated into EnglishA narrative of 1922 about two children brought together by a visit, and about the loneliness one discovers in childhood.Literature
  • PoetryRed Candle紅燭Wen Yiduo · 1923The author's first collection, published in 1923 in Shanghai during the poet's stay in the United States, where he was then an art student.Literature
  • TaleThe Scarecrow稻草人Ye Shengtao · 1923First Chinese collection of children's tales, published in 1923, in which the sorrow of adults enters the tale.Literature
  • Theatre趙閻王Hong Shen · 1923not translated into EnglishA play in nine scenes from 1922, staged the following year, about a soldier's flight through a forest.Literature
  • Essay背影Zhu Ziqing · 1925not translated into EnglishA short autobiographical text of 1925 on the image of a father seen from behind, title of the author's first collection of essays.Literature
  • Essay雨天的書Zhou Zuoren · 1925not translated into EnglishA collection of short essays from 1925, in a sober manner that the author claims in his preface.Literature
  • Poetry志摩的詩Xu Zhimo · 1925not translated into EnglishThe author's first collection, printed at his own expense and put on sale in Beijing in the autumn of 1925.Literature
  • Theatre潘金蓮Ouyang Yuqian · 1927not translated into EnglishA Peking opera in six acts first staged in Shanghai in 1927, which overturns the judgement passed on a woman reviled by tradition.Literature
  • CinemaRomance of the Western Chamber西廂記Hou Yao and Li Minwei · 1927A silent adaptation of Wang Shifu's play, mixing romance, fights and special effects.Cinema
  • NarrativeMiss Sophie's Diary莎菲女士的日記Ding Ling · 1928A narrative of 1927 in the form of a diary, whose frankness about female desire caused a sensation when it appeared in 1928.Literature
  • Poetry我的記憶Dai Wangshu · 1929not translated into EnglishThe author's first collection, published in 1929, which contains the poem from which his nickname came.Literature
  • Short storiesOne Rainy Evening梅雨之夕Shi Zhecun · 1929A short story from 1929 in which a married clerk walks a stranger home under his umbrella on a rainy evening in Shanghai.Literature
  • Essay緣緣堂隨筆Feng Zikai · 1931not translated into EnglishTwenty short essays by the painter who made the word manhua the name for Chinese sketches of mood and observation.Literature
  • Short storiesSpring Silkworms春蠶Mao Dun · 1932A short story of 1932 about an indebted family of silkworm farmers, the first part of a village trilogy.Literature
  • NovelFamily家Ba Jin · 1933A novel of 1933 about three brothers in a patriarchal house in Chengdu.Literature
  • Short storiesFive in a Nightclub夜總會裏的五個人Mu Shiying · 1933A Shanghai story about five strangers brought together one evening in a nightclub, a landmark text of the Neo-Sensationist school.Literature
  • Cinema狂流Cheng Bugao · 1933A silent film about a flood of the Yangtze, often regarded as the starting point of Chinese left-wing cinema.Cinema
  • CinemaDaybreak天明Sun Yu · 1933A silent film about a young peasant woman crushed by Shanghai, directed by the man known as the poet of Chinese cinema.Cinema
  • Short stories春桃Xu Dishan · 1934not translated into EnglishA 1934 short story about a paper picker in Beijing who takes in her maimed husband under the roof she shares with another man.Literature
  • TheatreThunderstorm雷雨Cao Yu · 1934A tragedy in four acts published in 1934, in which a wealthy family confronts its secrets during a storm.Literature
  • CinemaThe Goddess神女Wu Yonggang · 1934Silent film about a Shanghai mother who works as a prostitute so that her child can go to school.Cinema
  • CinemaPlunder of Peach and Plum桃李劫Ying Yunwei · 1934An early sound film about a young couple of graduates whose honesty leads them into poverty.Cinema
  • CinemaNew Women新女性Cai Chusheng · 1935A silent film inspired by the suicide of an actress, about a teacher who dreams of writing, caught between the men and the press of Shanghai.Cinema
  • CinemaChildren of Troubled Times風雲兒女Xu Xingzhi · 1935A patriotic film whose song, the March of the Volunteers, became the Chinese national anthem.Cinema
  • Poetry畫夢錄He Qifang · 1936not translated into EnglishCollection of prose poems published in 1936, which the author revised after leaving for Yan'an.Literature
  • NovelRickshaw Boy駱駝祥子Lao She · 1937Novel published in 1937, about a Beijing rickshaw puller who saves up to own his own rickshaw.Literature
  • CinemaSong at Midnight夜半歌聲Ma-Xu Weibang · 1937A sung horror film, a Chinese adaptation of The Phantom of the Opera, shot in Shanghai on the eve of the war.Cinema
  • CinemaCrossroads十字街頭Shen Xiling · 1937Comedy about unemployed graduates during the Great Depression, released shortly before the Sino-Japanese War.Cinema
  • CinemaStreet Angel馬路天使Yuan Muzhi · 1937A sound film about two sisters who are refugees from Manchuria and their neighbours across the way, in a poor alley of Shanghai.Cinema
  • NovelMoment in PekingLin Yutang · 1939A novel written in English and published in the United States in 1939, following three Beijing families over four decades.Literature
  • CinemaMulan Joins the Army木蘭從軍Bu Wancang · 1939An ancient legend filmed in besieged Shanghai, received as a veiled call to defend the country.Cinema
  • NovelTales of Hulan River呼蘭河傳Xiao Hong · 1940A town in Manchuria and its people, seen through a child's eyes, in a partly autobiographical novel.Literature
  • CinemaPrincess Iron Fan鐵扇公主Wan Brothers · 1941The first Chinese animated feature film, drawn from an episode of Journey to the West and made in Shanghai in the middle of the war.Cinema
  • NarrativeLove in a Fallen City傾城之戀Eileen Chang · 1943A 1943 story in which a divorcee from Shanghai and a rich bachelor play a tight game in Hong Kong.Literature
  • Novel長河Shen Congwen · 1945not translated into EnglishAn unfinished novel, written during the war, about a port in western Hunan where the “new life” is announced.Literature
  • NovelFortress Besieged圍城Qian Zhongshu · 1947A novel of 1947 about a young man returned from Europe with a false diploma, a satire of Chinese literary circles.Literature
  • NovelThe Hurricane暴風驟雨Zhou Libo · 1948A novel from 1948 about cadres sent to carry out land reform in a village in the Northeast.Literature
  • CinemaSpring in a Small Town小城之春Fei Mu · 1948A woman, her sick husband and a former love brought together after the Sino-Japanese conflict, in a ruined house.Cinema
  • CinemaMyriad of Lights萬家燈火Shen Fu · 1948A Shanghai clerk has to house and feed his family, who have come from the countryside, in the midst of inflation.Cinema
  • Short stories邂逅集Wang Zengqi · 1949not translated into EnglishThe author's first collection, eight short stories gathered in a series that Ba Jin edited.Literature
  • CinemaThe Adventures of Sanmao the Waif三毛流浪記Zhao Ming and Yan Gong · 1949An orphan of the streets of Shanghai, taken from a famous comic strip, filmed on the eve of the change of regime.Cinema
  • CinemaCrows and Sparrows烏鴉與麻雀Zheng Junli · 1949The tenants of a Shanghai house face the Nationalist official who wants to drive them out, on the eve of the regime's fall.Cinema
  • EssayFrom a Cottager's Sketchbook雅舍小品Liang Shiqiu · 1949Essays of mood and humour born in wartime, in a bamboo house in the environs of Chongqing.Literature
  • NovelThe Book and the Sword書劍恩仇錄Jin Yong · 1955The author's first chivalric novel, serialised in a Hong Kong newspaper from 1955 to 1956.Literature
  • CinemaNew Year's Sacrifice祝福Sang Hu · 1956A twice-widowed servant, judged cursed by her masters, after Lu Xun.Cinema
  • Short storiesRed Beans紅豆Zong Pu · 1957A short story from 1957 about the love of a student and a banker's son when the regime changes.Literature
  • NovelTracks in the Snowy Forest林海雪原Qu Bo · 1957Novel from 1957 about a detachment pursuing bandits through the snow in Manchuria.Literature
  • NovelThe Song of Youth青春之歌Yang Mo · 1958Novel of 1958 about a young woman who passes from a refused marriage to the underground struggle, in the Beijing of the thirties.Literature
  • NovelMorning in Shanghai上海的早晨Zhou Erfu · 1958First volume, published in 1958, of a sweeping work on the transformation of private industry in Shanghai.Literature
  • CinemaThird Sister Liu劉三姐Su Li · 1960A colour musical film about a legendary Zhuang singer who confronts the powerful through her songs.Cinema
  • CinemaThe Red Detachment of Women紅色娘子軍Xie Jin · 1961A maltreated servant girl from Hainan island takes up arms in an all-female communist unit.Cinema
  • CinemaHavoc in Heaven大鬧天宮Wan Laiming · 1961An animated film in two parts drawn from Journey to the West, in the colours of Beijing sung opera.Cinema
  • CinemaSerfs農奴Li Jun · 1963A young Tibetan serf under the thumb of a lord and part of the clergy, in a film made by the Chinese army.Cinema
  • CinemaEarly Spring in February早春二月Xie Tieli · 1963An idealistic schoolteacher, a widow he helps and a free young woman, in a small town of the twenties.Cinema
  • CinemaHeroic Sons and Daughters英雄兒女Wu Zhaodi · 1964A brother and a sister at the front in Korea, and a father who finds his daughter again without daring to tell her.Cinema
  • PoetryThe Answer回答Bei Dao · 1976A poem of 1976, linked to the events of April in Tiananmen Square, which became an anthem of protest.Literature
  • Novel大牆下的紅玉蘭Cong Weixi · 1979not translated into EnglishShort novel of 1979 about a former cadre imprisoned at the end of the Cultural Revolution.Literature
  • Short stories月蘭Han Shaogong · 1979not translated into EnglishA story from 1979 in which a cadre sent to a village remembers, with remorse, a peasant woman from Hunan.Literature
  • NovelBolshevik Salute布禮Wang Meng · 1979Story from 1979 about a Communist activist labelled a rightist, told through leaps in time.Literature
  • PoetryOne Generation一代人Gu Cheng · 1980A two-line poem of the Misty school (menglong), usually linked to the Maoist years and to those who lived through them.Literature
  • CinemaEvening Rain巴山夜雨Wu Yigong · 1980A poet wrongly imprisoned is transferred by boat to Wuhan among chance fellow travellers.Cinema
  • Novel在同一地平線上Zhang Xinxin · 1981not translated into EnglishA novel of 1981 in two voices, about a young couple in Beijing in which each pursues their own ambition.Literature
  • CinemaRegret for the Past傷逝Shui Hua · 1981A free-spirited couple in Beijing in the twenties, based on a short story by Lu Xun.Cinema
  • Short stories哦,香雪Tie Ning · 1982not translated into EnglishA 1982 short story about a village teenage girl fascinated by the train that stops for one minute every evening.Literature
  • CinemaBoat People投奔怒海Ann Hui · 1982A Japanese photographer in post-war Vietnam, caught between an official visit and hidden misery.Cinema
  • Short stories我的遙遠的清平灣Shi Tiesheng · 1983not translated into EnglishA 1983 short story about an educated youth and an old peasant who herd a village's animals together.Literature
  • CinemaOne and Eight一個和八個Zhang Junzhao · 1983A Communist cadre falsely suspected, a prisoner among eight criminals, in the time of the Japanese occupation.Cinema
  • NarrativeThe King of Chess棋王Ah Cheng · 1984A 1984 narrative about a young man sent to the countryside who is passionate about Chinese chess.Literature
  • NarrativeMimosa綠化樹Zhang Xianliang · 1984A 1984 narrative about a starving prisoner and the village woman who feeds him, during the years of famine.Literature
  • CinemaYellow Earth黃土地Chen Kaige · 1984A collector of songs for the Communist army among poor peasants in Shaanxi, in 1939.Cinema
  • CinemaLong Arm of the Law省港旗兵Johnny Mak · 1984Robbers from mainland China, hunted through the streets of Kowloon.Cinema
  • CinemaThe Holy Robe of the Shaolin Temple木棉袈裟Tsui Siu-ming · 1984Shaolin monks on the run, charged with putting their monastery's relic in a safe place.Cinema
  • Poetry禮魂Yang Lian · 1985not translated into EnglishA poetry collection of 1985, the first the author officially published, nourished by myths and ancient places.Literature
  • CinemaSwan Song絕響Zhang Zeming · 1985A poor old Cantonese musician and his son, whom the Cultural Revolution takes away from him.Cinema
  • CinemaThe Black Cannon Incident黑炮事件Huang Jianxin · 1985An engineer suspected of espionage over a telegram about a misplaced chess piece.Cinema
  • CinemaIn the Wild Mountains野山Yan Xueshu · 1985Two peasant couples in Shaanxi, at the moment when the reforms reopen private initiative.Cinema
  • Novel藍袍先生Chen Zhongshi · 1986not translated into EnglishA schoolmaster from Guanzhong, trained in his family's Confucian morality, tells his life to a former pupil.Literature
  • CinemaOld Well老井Wu Tianming · 1986A village without water in north-west China, where an educated young man wants at last to find a spring.Cinema
  • CinemaA Better Tomorrow英雄本色John Woo · 1986Two brothers on opposite sides of the law, a reformed forger and a young policeman, in Hong Kong.Cinema
  • NovelRed Sorghum紅高粱家族Mo Yan · 1987A novel from 1987, first published in a magazine, about three generations of a Shandong family, between a sorghum distillery and war.Literature
  • Narrative頑主Wang Shuo · 1987not translated into EnglishA 1987 narrative about a gang of idle Beijingers who sell their services to anyone who needs them.Literature
  • NarrativeStick Out Your Tongue亮出你的舌苔或空空蕩蕩Ma Jian · 1987Five Tibetan stories of 1987, banned in China as soon as they appeared.Literature
  • CinemaWoman, Demon, Human人·鬼·情Huang Shuqin · 1987An opera actress devoted to male roles, caught between the stage and a difficult private life.Cinema
  • CinemaRed Sorghum紅高粱Zhang Yimou · 1987A young woman married against her will who takes over a sorghum distillery, based on Mo Yan.Cinema
  • CinemaFar from War遠離戰爭年代Hu Mei · 1987An old soldier from Yan'an, haunted by his memories, leaves his son's family without warning.Cinema
  • CinemaA Chinese Ghost Story倩女幽魂Ching Siu-tung · 1987A timid tax collector in love with a revenant, in a haunted temple, on a theme by Pu Songling.Cinema
  • Short storiesDialogues in Paradise天堂裏的對話Can Xue · 1988A story collection from 1988, in which voices without bearings speak without managing to reach one another.Literature
  • Short stories唐人秘傳故事Wang Xiaobo · 1989not translated into EnglishFive stories that ironically rewrite tales of medieval China; their author's first collection.Literature
  • CinemaThe Ballad of the Yellow River黃河謠Teng Wenji · 1989The life of a singing muleteer on the Yellow River, made up of lost loves, set against a bandit.Cinema
  • NovelSoul Mountain靈山Gao Xingjian · 1990A 1990 novel about a man's journey towards a mythical mountain in south-west China.Literature
  • NarrativeRaise the Red Lantern妻妾成群Su Tong · 1990A narrative from 1990 about a student who enters a wealthy household as a junior wife.Literature
  • CinemaMama媽媽Zhang Yuan · 1990A mother alone in the face of her son's disability, in a Beijing offering no help, interwoven with real testimonies.Cinema
  • CinemaThe Swordsman in Double Flag Town雙旗鎮刀客He Ping · 1991A teenager who has come to find his betrothed, in a desert town threatened by bandits.Cinema
  • CinemaOnce Upon a Time in China黃飛鴻Tsui Hark · 1991A Cantonese folk hero in conflict with bandits and foreigners, at the end of the Qing.Cinema
  • CinemaCenter Stage阮玲玉Stanley Kwan · 1991The life of a star of Shanghai silent cinema, between reconstruction, archives and the shooting shown on screen.Cinema
  • CinemaFamily Portrait四十不惑Li Shaohong · 1992A middle-aged Beijing photographer who discovers a son born after his divorce.Cinema
  • CinemaFor Fun找樂Ning Ying · 1992A retired man from Beijing who gathers opera amateurs in order to recover a role.Cinema
  • CinemaThe Blue Kite藍風箏Tian Zhuangzhuang · 1993A Beijing family caught up in political campaigns, from the fifties to the Cultural Revolution, seen through a child's eyes.Cinema
  • CinemaThe Days冬春的日子Wang Xiaoshuai · 1993A couple of young Beijing painters who drift apart without a word, in a film made outside the studios.Cinema
  • CinemaWoman Sesame Oil Maker香魂女Xie Fei · 1993A village entrepreneur who buys a wife for her son, based on Zhou Daxin.Cinema
  • CinemaChungking Express重慶森林Wong Kar-wai · 1994Two Hong Kong policemen who are struggling to get over a break-up, and the women they meet.Cinema
  • CinemaThe Emperor's Shadow秦頌Zhou Xiaowen · 1996The first emperor and a musician, childhood friends, set against each other by the commission of an anthem.Cinema
  • CinemaXiao Wu小武Jia Zhangke · 1997A provincial pickpocket, abandoned by his friend who has become a local notable, by the woman he loves and by his own family.Cinema
  • CinemaDevils on the Doorstep鬼子來了Jiang Wen · 2000Peasants burdened against their will with two prisoners whom no one comes to take back, under the Japanese occupation.Cinema
  • CinemaSuzhou River蘇州河Lou Ye · 2000A Shanghai courier and two young women who look alike, in a story told by a video maker.Cinema